Primary Frequency Regulation Using HVDC Terminals Controlling Voltage Dependent Loads

HVDC can provide frequency regulation during disturbances (e.g., faults) by controlling the power flow between two remote AC areas. While this action reduces deviation in area affected disturbance, it causes a imbalance other healthy area, leading to variation and endangering system stability. In work, primary voltage-dependent loads (PFR-VDL) is proposed, where terminal influences grid voltage amplitude shape (decreasing or increasing) load consumption order cope with required fault-affected area. The PFR-VDL extracts needed energy for support, not from generators (with following deviation) but This work analyzes performance, generalizing possible connection cases: Asynchronous single line, embedded forming parallel, hybrid HVAC. application benefits limitations are evaluated analytically verified means of PSCAD EMTDC simulations, finally validated large interconnected IEEE 39 bus system.